노랑초파리 동물 모델을 이용한 비만 연구
The Study of Human Obesity Using Drosophila Melanogaster as an Animal Model
정지은, 이주용, 이지혜,
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정지은 ( Jung Ji-Eun ) - Pusan National University School of Dentistry Department of Life Science in Dentistry
이주용 ( Lee Joo-Young ) - Pusan National University Dental and Life Science Institute
이지혜 ( Lee Ji-Hye ) - Pusan National University School of Dentistry Department of Oral Pathology
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity is associated with various metabolic diseases such as diabetes, posing significant social and economic burdens to the society. While obesity is a complex disease with multiple factors contributing to its pathophysiology, altered glucose and lipid metabolism is evident in obese patients as well as in animal models. Abnormal metabolic regulation often leads to development of insulin resistance, a hallmark of obesity-induced type 2 diabetes. In this review, we provide a brief overview of altered lipid metabolism manifested in the obese state. In addition, two representative animal models, Mus musculus and Drosophila melanogaster, are presented with experimental approaches adopted for generation and utilization of these models. More specifically, Drosophila has been widely used for studying the core physiological phenomena across phyla for decades, mostly due to the ease of handling and sophisticated genetic manipulations with conserved cell signaling pathways of reduced redundancy. Considering a significant degree of homology in Drosophila for human disease-associated genes, it poses as a versatile in vivo platform to study the pathophysiology of various human diseases. With core metabolic pathways governing energy homeostasis generally conserved, Drosophila can be used as a model for studying molecular mechanisms underlying disease phenotypes manifested in obese and diabetic patients. In this review, we discuss representative Drosophila studies that investigated the effects of dysregulated core signaling pathways on metabolic signatures of obese animals.
키워드
Obesity;Type 2 diabetes; Drosophila Melanogaster; Signaling pathway
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